?古英语词汇:
1.Thou is an old-fashioned, poetic, or religious word for `you when you are talking to only one person. 2.Thy is an old-fashioned, poetic, or religious word for `your when you are talking to one person. 3.Thine is an old-fashioned, poetic, or religious word for `yours when you are talking to only one person. 4.Thee is an old-fashioned, poetic, or religious word for `you when you are talking to only one person. 5.Ye is an old-fashioned, poetic, or religious word for you when you are talking to more than one person. Ye is sometimes used in imitation of an old written form of the word `the.
不论是古典拉丁语还是通俗拉丁语,对古英语的影响都不是很大。拉丁语词汇大量进入英语,是在中古英语时代,即11世纪的事情。当时诺曼底公爵征服了英格兰,法语成了贵族老爷们的语言,由此英语开始深受罗曼语族,而非日耳曼语族的影响。用主祷文举个栗子,古典拉丁语是这样的:Pater noster, qui es in caelis,sanctificetur nomen tuum;adveniat regnum tuum;fiat voluntas tua,sicut in caelo, et in terra.Panem nostrum cotidianum da nobis hodie,et dimitte nobis debita nostra,sicut et nos dimittimus debitoribus nostris;et ne nos inducas in tentationem,sed libera nos a malo.Amen.古英语是这样的:F?der ūre tū te eart on heofonum, (Father of ours, thou who art in heavens,)Sī tīn nama ?ehālgod.(Be thy name hallowed.)Tōbecume tīn rī?e,(Come thy riche (kingdom))?ewurte tīn willa, on eorean swā swā on heofonum. (Worth (manifest) thy will, on earth as also in heaven.)ūre ?ed??hwāmlīcan hlāf syle ūs tō d??, (Our daily loaf do sell (give) to us today,)and for?yf ūs ūre gyltas, swā swā wē for?yfae ūrum gyltendum. (And forgive us our guilts as also we forgive our guilters)And ne ?el?d tū ūs on costnunge, ac āl?s ūs of yfele. (And do not lead thou us into temptation, but alese (release/deliver) us of (from) evil.)Sōtlī?e.(Soothly.)
3500词汇不是常用的吗? 包括最常用1000, 次常用1000,和不太常用的1500左右, 既然是“常用词”, 哪来的:“古英语”;反之, 古英语肯定就不会是常用词!
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