大学英语四级词汇手册

?大学英语四级词汇手册：
　　你是用来考四级的话，这个书不合适你。 推荐你小青蛙，就是《TOPWAY 淘金式巧功，四级英语词汇》（希望没记错）是中山大学出版社的，上海外国语大学的老师主编的。封面是一只青蛙举杠铃的，写了一行字“真正的四两拨千斤” 这个书按照四级考试中单词出现的频率排的，非常好。如果按照一般的字母排，很容易出现记得A，后面的H，L啥都记不清了。我们都是用这个小青蛙的，考四级，考六级……真的很棒。 如果你要找这样的书，我倒是买过一本，看了一点直接捐掉了。有一个英语词根字典的，就有很清楚的列出词根啊，派生啊，词的来源啊，不过考个四级不需要那么麻烦的。简单一点的么，你可以去买俞敏洪的新东方《词根词汇联想记忆》（确切名字忘记了）反正我上大学的时候是红色封面的。不过还是小青蛙好啊，真的。 楼上说的星火英语词汇，这个我买过，他也是按照频率排列的，有例句的。不过对于我来说，这个太详细了，根本背不过来。强烈推荐小青蛙，那时我们基本人手一本的。记得买《四级词汇》不要买《四级高频词汇》，我上大学的时候，《四级词汇》是比《四级高频词汇》小一些，厚一些的

　　大学英语重要词汇分类记忆

　　chapter1 words

　　1>描述人物的关键形容词辨认于理解

　　1． Generous general generosity

　　2． Hospitable hostile

　　3． Aggressive modest

　　4． Amateur professional magnify magnificent massive

　　5． Alert cautious leisure idle

　　6． Awkward backward forward embarrassed

　　7． Fidelity confident ambitious ambition

　　8． Rational radical impulsive hasty

　　9． Earnest devoted

　　10． characteristic comprehensive (comprehension)

　　11． Aware conscious conscientious/science recognize-cognition

　　12． Arbitrary artificial

　　13． Capable skillful clumsy captain capital

　　14． Intelligent diligent genius

　　15． Inferior superior junior senior (inferior superior prior to…)

　　16． Graceful elegant decent

　　17． Aggressive gross/grass

　　18． Familiar similar/simulate parent/apparent/transparent

　　19． Loyal/royal faithful

　　20． Hold coward

　　21． Reluctant clumsy

　　22． Evil devil wicked vivid survive revive

　　23． Wild mild violent

　　24． Reliable liable

　　25． Naked bare blank vacant/vacancy/vacation hollow

　　26． Male female

　　27． Liberal literature illiterate

　　28． Harsh rigid severe

　　29． Humble/thumb noble

　　30． Suicide concise precise incise-suspect

　　31． Sensitive sentimental sensible sensational sensor-nonsense

　　32． Fluent eloquent/dialogue

　　33． Responsible responsive

　　34． Considerable considerate

　　35． Fantastic vain/vacant

　　36． Innocent guilty grateful gratitude

　　37． Optimistic pessimistic pest/pet/optician (optional course) optimum

　　38． Panic calm

　　39． Potential/potent initial

　　40． Complex complicated sophisticated flexible

　　41． Keen enthusiastic

　　42． Energetic vigorous dynamic

　　43． Voluntary compulsory

　　44． Punctual precise

　　45． Respectful respectable

　　46． Mature ripe

　　47． Intimate imitate

　　48． Neutral moderate

　　49． Objective subjective

　　50． Ideal realistic

　　51． Prevalent prominent diminish eliminate

　　52． Content consent

　　2>描述事物和事件的关键形容词的理解和记忆

　　1. Accurate precise cure punctual

　　2. Superficial/face magnificent

　　3. Extreme supreme ordinary extraordinary

　　4. Elaborate approximate

　　5. Sharp blunt clumsy reluctant

　　6. Elastic fixed (fasten one’s seatbelt)

　　7. Raw crude

　　8. Equal equivalent

　　9. Antique unique/unite uniform

　　10. Automatic mechanic

　　11. Alternative mechanic/mechanism(阅读词汇)

　　12. Instinct distinct extinct

　　13. Belief relief brief chief abridge abbreviate

　　14. Chilly moist/mild

　　15. Traditional conventional

　　16. Economic economical economy

　　17. Sufficient efficient/deficient(6)

　　18. Apparent obvious evident identical

　　19. Peculiar particular specific/special peck

　　20. Permanent temporary/temperature

　　21. Remote promote

　　22. Typical classic

　　23. Vague dim faint

　　24. Alike unlike dislike likely

　　25. Adequate abundant sufficient

　　26. Hazard secure

　　27. Preliminary elementary

　　28. Deform conform uniform formal/normal

　　29. Visible visual visionary (6)

　　30. Stiff stuff staff

　　33. Creep steep

　　34. Various variable/very

　　35. Stable steady/ready

　　36. Rough tough

　　37. Slender tender render

　　38. Audio audience

　　39. Minor major/minority

　　40. Curved vertical horizontal straight

　　41. Frequent occasional(听) frequency

　　42. gradual degrade

　　43. valid effective efficient

　　44. stale static still

　　45. absolute entire thorough

　　46. rare bare spare glare stare gaze glance glimpse

　　47. principle principal

　　48. annual manual mutual mute mutter

　　49. primary essential vital fundamental crucial/cross substantial substance

　　50. unanimous controversial = (contra + verse+ ial) contradiction/dictation

　　51. enormous tremendous massive numerous

　　52. grand glorious magnificent marvel ones

　　53. spectacular perspective

　　54. domestic civil

　　55. frequent consequent sequent subsequent sequent

　　56. diverse reverse verse

　　57. dominant subordinate

　　58. urge urgent emergency

　　59. eventual ultimate

　　60. odd ridiculous

　　61. bound inevitable

　　62. immense tense dense/density intense condense

　　63. successful successive/successor(6)

　　64. rural urban suburb

　　65. prime peak

　　66. mere sole multiple

　　67. negative positive

　　68. accidental incidental

　　chapter2 listening comprehension

　　3>听力对话中的核心词汇的辨认与理解

　　1-学校 report experiment scholarship degree lecture speech

　　art course science course term semester campus fail

　　literature (grade the paper) assignment appointment doze off nap

　　score presentation

　　关键词语：boring dull nervous puzzled confused absent present

　　awful terrific drop out(中途退学)

　　测试规律：

　　（1）讲座场景：speech lecture – professor/scholar/expert/president

　　boring/hard to follow = hard to understand

　　（2）交作业场景 assignment sit up girl student fail-boy student

　　词语特殊场景：fail drop in the presence of = before hard to

　　follow / catch = beyond me

　　2-图书馆： catalogue reference book refer to look into renew due

　　overdue librarian journal book shelf hardcover edition fine

　　(magazine) (book) case fine ticket = ticket (罚款单)

　　关键词汇： novel science fiction moving touching

　　测试规律：

　　（1）typist场景: (抱怨) typing errors full of typing mistakes

　　（2）招聘场景： fill/out application form apply for position working

　　experience frequent trip on business handle the matter(独挡一面)

　　finance financial report

　　（3）预约场景： client customer lift secretary the president/manager is absent (customer 找 president pre.总会out)

　　4-交通： traffic light traffic jam over-speed road sign

　　highway driving license subway/underground lift give a lift

　　pick up have a flat tire(胎破了) direction

　　测试规律：

　　（1）问路场景： turn right on the second turn two block away – near

　　（2）乘车场景： view sight countryside cotton farm get on/off(上下车)

　　（3）修理场景： break down engine repair-mend-fix repairman

　　electrician plumber carpenter garage refrigerator-frig

　　air-conditioner air-conditioning

　　（4）修理场景： minor injury knock into the tree

　　（5）娱乐购物旅游健身场景：

　　a: tourist travel agency guide vacation place of interest resort

　　beach seashore exhibition concert rock and roll gallery

　　b: keep fit fitting room be on a diet

　　c: figure fashion in fashion out of fashion style pattern

　　model try on size brand afford purchase match with

　　agree with discount bargain in stock out of stock（没现货）

　　4>听力对话中常见场景核心词汇的理解与应用

　　1-邮局：parcel package mail luggage baggage case deliver

　　delivery weigh the parcel pound pence dollar cent postage

　　postmark

　　测试规律：$2.5 = two dollars fifty ( cents ).

　　2-餐馆： menu bill go dutch treat to… dessert candy sweets

　　dish pic canteen cafeteria delicious order can–canned food

　　3-宾馆：check in check out reception desk receptionist porter

　　tip fee operator reserve a room book a room single room

　　double room

　　测试规律：打电话场景 dial area code pull through passenger

　　4-银行：deposit savings account cash credit-card interest rate

　　draw money overdraw

　　测试规律：close down the savings account

　　5-机场：airline flight fare take off land down first-class

　　schedule ahead schedule in advance behind schedule departure time

　　fasten one’s seat belt air hostess in advance

　　测试规律：归来场景 return ticker ID card check up flight convenient

　　comfortable smooth

　　6-医院： come down with recover get over prescribe prescription

　　pill temperature

　　5>听力对话中形容词对理解的辅助作用

　　1-描述人物： panic calm cheerful annoyed jealous nervous

　　anxious eager upset

　　2-描述事物：dull alike crowded frequent occasional proper

　　direct favorite normal average convenient rarely/really

　　immediate similar by chance accidental

　　6>俚语及固定搭配在对话中的辨认与理解

　　1- make it worn out get/be used to doing used to every once in while

　　figure out keep it break down mean to supposed to no wonder

　　let alone have no idea how come manage to attempt to count the days

　　by all means under no circumstance thanks to count on count in

　　depends feel like doing

　　测试特点：语音的连读，失去爆破，浊化…

　　2- by chance you said it you say it again I can’t agree with you

　　more/better you are telling me drag one’s feet draw near the last thing beyond one’s means beyond someone you are kidding come down with

　　raise the roof have one’s hands full go in one ear, come out of the other

　　pretty good in a mess cheer up

　　chapter3 words(add…)

　　7>关键名词： community shape layer straw needle nest mud

　　branch bush solar carbon cycle parrot silver gold

　　criminal crime gypsies cause drug abuse bow arrow weapon

　　range string device contest yard mile foot inch

　　handbrake bottom barrel kick the bucket resource property

　　purpose citizen pilot firm brain record signal heat

　　track system wrist vehicle gratitude appreciation church variety architecture species elevator manners image kid

　　emergency equipment security victim lobby(6) cord chain

　　belt target item rank uniform alcohol comprehension jungle storm stream shade challenge tradition authority adult impact phenomenon hut status technology corn torch insect detector vocabulary Buckingham palace fault ESL = English as a second language ESP = English for Special Purpose roman empire coin wheel ocean element factor survey

　　8>听力短文复合式听写涉及的关键形容词和动词

　　1-关键形容词： complicated efficient tough previous fortunate immediate multiple embarrassed professional precise chief

　　natural classical valuable automatic available faithful

　　critical religious total artificial smart mysterious average

　　elegant inadequate disable cautious perfect confused innocent countless crowed typical boring shocked moderate mental slight essential indispensable identical relative romantic

　　qualified tight loose uniformed

　　2-关键动词： isolate sew scream survive require crash blame

　　resign retire perceive contribute conduct interfere with

　　prevent monitor determine analyze measure transmit ignore

　　claim accuse(6) grasp offer ruin decorate specialize

　　tend to attach to steer fasten describe rescue predict

　　arrest represent quit give a ride = give a lift

　　chapter4 words(add…)

　　9>关键动词的辨认与理解

　　1. ban (ban doing) abandon prohibit prevent cancel

　　2. justice justification adjust

　　3. issue sue purse lawsuit

　　4. accuse amuse abuse confuse diffuse charge

　　5. minister ministry administrate

　　6. admit commit emit submit omit

　　7. adopt adapt

　　8. appeal heal reveal seal conceal

　　9. assess recess access possess confess asset

　　10. approve grant accusation discharge prime MBA = Master of Business Administration committee commission commitment responsibility submit retreat reverse have access to possession asset take for granted(不当回事)

　　11. evaluate estimate

　　12. capture arrest

　　13. remark comment review

　　14. compromise negotiate

　　15. threat torture

　　16. recede concede

　　17. decline incline

　　18. cling sting

　　19. insult offend humiliate

　　20. export import transport passport porter inhuman

　　21. erect establish

　　22. fulfill accomplish

　　23. impose propose dispose compose composition component composer oppose expose suppose Man proposes, God dispose(谋事在人，成事在天)

　　24． Survey investigate poll

　　25. plot dot spot on the spot （现场）

　　26. relieve release relief

　　27. obliged compel force

　　28. influence impacts effect = have an effect on

　　29. preserve observe deserve reserve observation

　　30. damage destroy spoil ruin cross = go across pass = go past

　　31. sustain maintain contain detain obtain/gain/attain strain/restrain entertain bargain

　　32. subject yield concede + to

　　33. eliminate diminish

　　34. exert convert

　　35. withdraw overdraw

　　36. declare pledge claim acclaim announce

　　37. execute commit

　　38. cite/quote quotation citation

　　39. debate argue dispute

　　40. consume resume assume presume consumer

　　41. appoint assign

　　42. assemble resemble

　　43. clarify classify terrify/horrify modify/verify qualify specify notify identify

　　44. advertise advocate

　　45. ease cease grease

　　46. agriculture culture cultivate bread

　　47. conduct conductor

　　48. extend enhance expand

　　49. title entitle authority rank/title/status/rank authorities authorize

　　50. shift swift/swing

　　51. accommodate consolidate

　　52. revive alleviate

　　53. ascend descend transcend antecedent

　　54. similar assimilate

　　55. hail prevail avail

　　56. bribe rib

　　57. brew distill

　　58. commemorate commence

　　59. contaminate tan

　　60. rot corrode

　　61. shrink link sink pink

　　62. fade faint

　　63. float soak

　　64. bloom boom

　　65. spark spur provoke stir incur (影起，导致…)

　　66. spur incur occur

　　67. creep steep peep

　　68. slim scrim

　　69. delete derive

　　70. punch screw twist

　　71. assist consist list

　　72. hay ray array spray pray sway decay

　　73. bind to attach to

　　74. excel accelerate

　　75. comprise compose consist constitute + of

　　76. flourish thrive

　　77. flow fluctuate swell

　　78. invest install

　　79. squeeze sneeze trap strap

　　chapter5 writing

　　10>写作中常用的名词词汇

　　college student in society take effective measure pay much effort build the habit of pay a role in effect benefit harm development pay attention to importance necessity trouble difficultly honest safety science and technology knowledge inter-personal relationship attitude behavior performance method living level living standard success failicant cooperation advantage disadvantage market-oriented economy talent fair applicant inter view value experience demand

　　requirement choice competition skill application

　　11>写作中常用的动词词汇

　　do good to do bad to from the habit of get used to doing put forward build one’s ability benefit form attend the activity master grasp make good use of get on well with get along well with meet the need of adapt to depend on rely on effect/influence handle/do with/deal with/cope with encourage inspire tell from choose/select promote invite SB. to/for STH.

　　12>写作中常用的形容词词汇

　　effective necessary indispensable inevitable be bound to rapid limited widespread useful useless helpful helpless careful careless normal abnormal formal informal polite uncommon comfortable present past future confident qualified excellent social successful unsuccessful skillful fluent valuable precious suitable correct smooth meaningful meaningless beneficial succeed in doing fail to do active

　　a great number fail to grasp effective

　　13>篇章写作中的连词

　　1-并列：as well as in a long run on one hand on the other hand on one side on the other side at the time in the meantime meanwhile both and

　　2-转折：however nevertheless on the contrary instead instead of

　　3-递进：besides in addition furthermore in fact as a matter of fact actually anyway

　　4-因果：in this way as a result therefore there by since as

　　5-条件：as long as on the condition that6-其他：obviously = clearly to a large degree = to a great extent or otherwise

　　chapter6 reading comprehension

　　14>阅读理解中的科技名词的辨认与理解

　　cell germ bacteria virus volcano earthquake flood drought poverty wealth possession fortune property famine chemist physicist psychologist novelist dentist surgeon fiction muscle pulse organ tongue clay claw coal mine mineral miner resource source tissue species ocean creature grease conductor subject copper crystal dam cliff date specimen sample ebb tide cord issue experiment/experimentation wave current thunder container device equipment electronics fiber fabric gene oxygen hydrogen liquid liquor liver lung magnet moisture nylon petrol protein atmosphere radar radiation rust timber/woods/jungle expert/specialist acid solar lunar system substance atom digit three-dimensions sum mold episode era compound component cable echo cement orbit software voltage gesture track mechanism insect facility spider vegetation/vegetable alloy aviation CAAC = Civil Aviation Administration of China ecology expertise marble silicon synthesis transistor hurricane/hurry

　　15>篇章阅读中的商业名词的辨认与理解

　　advertisement advertiser medium media publicity correspondence correspondent mission commerce merchant administration policy crew staff faculty talent fair agent agency asset estate welfare expense pension delegate representative document file genius/talent/gift loan investment charity competition/contest competitor rival opponent/oppose peer executive CEO = Chief Executive Officer profit scale fund finance race budget manufacturer ceremony resort vehicle inflation enterprise joint venture textile guarantee recession automobile channel donation fee draft personnel rank/title sponsor statistics anniversary architect audience archaeology athlete champion comedy tragedy copyright press conference crime criminal fiction drama festival folkfuneral wedding candidate item luxury lease revenue sanction allowance statue status cartoon instrument drum trumpet dialect magic mask moral virtue accent intellectual divorce myth philosophy region saint sin gesture jail institution legislation reform immigrant priest

　　16>篇章阅读中意识形态名词的辨认与理解

　　passion impact anxiety prejudice triumph potential acquisition ambition assumption assume approval attitude capacity distress approve challenge chaos collision charm comment review revision compromise concentration concession conflict defect contradiction despair caution enthusiasm gratitude determination grace/elegance emotion hint equality terror/horror fatigue emergency glory inquiry intention interpretation nightmare motive/motivate/stimulus decode personality torture resolution response wit/wisdom genius suspicion summit tension threat stress strategy preference summit stain rage riot personality

　　17>篇章阅读中生活名词的辨认与理解

　　environment decade principle campaign discipline symbol crisis disaster alcohol function opportunity barrier appetite routine shelter nest career evidence flame target suicide margin notion option background adult scheme curriculum

　　18>篇章阅读中6级意识形态词汇的辨认与理解

　　fake participant transaction auction banquet circus layman morality coach conception concept/conceive rejoice/joy idiot incentive reconciliation scrutiny

　　chapter7 choose

　　19>完形填空中的动词短语及介词短语的辨认与理解

　　1- 介词短语： for all anyhow somewhat beneath concerning and so forth provided/providing in light of cast/throw light on at a glance take for granted in haste, on impulse be in for in that for instance at intervals of late likewise long for in a manner of speaking at the mercy of in memory of mess about/around mess up on occasions regarding regardless of for the sake of on the spot at stake take by surplus on the spot at stake take by surplus lose temper in total just as well may as well

　　2- 动词短语：

　　1. bring off bring up bring about

　　2. come into come across come true come off come up with come down with

　　3. count in count on

　　4. cut in cut off

　　5. do up do without

　　6. call off call on call for

　　8. die down die out die away

　　9. break down break up break off

　　10. in the event of

　　11. for good well off

　　12. fill in fill out

　　13. get through get by get in

　　14. give off give out

　　15. go over go after on the go

　　16. at hand in hand hand out hand in hand over hand down

　　17. hang on hang about/around

　　18. head for over/above one’s head lose one’s head

　　19. at heart in heart by heart to one’s heart’s content

　　20. in honor of on one’s honor

　　21. knock down knock out

　　22. lay off lay out

　　23. let alone let off

　　24. log in log out

　　25. look down look up look to

　　26. make it make out make believe make up make up for

　　27. by means of by all means

　　28. keep/bear in mind

　　29. for the moment the moment that

　　30. pick up pick out

　　31. put out put up with put down put off put forward

　　32. run out run across = come across

　　33. see to see off see through

　　34. make sense in sense

　　35. set out set about

　　36. show off show up

　　37. stand for

　　38. take after take over take on take in take for take up

　　39. turn down turn to turn out turn up

　　40. wind up

　　同学，大纲词汇是你必须购买《大学英语四级考试指南》后边附有大纲词汇，这才是官方的大纲词汇。

　　建议你不要特意去找词汇书的，切忌单纯地背单词。往往在四级考试之前，许多同学会日日夜夜捧着一本词汇手册猛背，争取要在最后的时间中记住更多的单词。其实这是一个误区。背单词增大词汇量是件好事，但单纯得记单词就不可取了。俗话说，词不离句。意思就是说要把单词放到句子中去理解、去分析。

　　其次，要在最后的时间段里进行广泛地阅读，不断提高阅读的速度、技巧和效率，熟练掌握阅读科学的方法。纵所周知，阅读是四级考试中所占比例最大的一部分，那么我们该怎样将其把握好呢？这就需要我们平时进行广泛地阅读，坚持阅读，在不断的阅读过程中掌握一定的方法。阅读的内容可广泛地涉及到时事，科技，文化，风土人情等。具体阅读的方法在很多相关的辅导书上都有介绍，在此不再赘述。总之，英语阅读很重要，广大同学要予以足够的重视。

　　再有，英语作文也是四级考试中很重要的一部分，而要提高这一部分的分值唯一的方法就是多写多练笔。笔者建议广大同学可以在最后的复习阶段做到每天写一篇，写作的内容可以是近期的热门话题。在写作的过程中发现不足，不断改进。 还有很重要的一点就是要坚持朗读。其实朗读带给我们的帮助不仅仅是提高语感，增强口语。还有就是它同样可以帮助我们提高听力。边读边听，听读结合就能收到单纯地练习听力所得不到的效果。 最后谈谈参考书的问题。现在市场上的英语四级辅导书可谓良莠不齐，若是选书不当，往往会起到相反的效果，误人子弟。笔者不建议广大同学做太多的习题，买太多的辅导书，只需在考前有选择性地做几套历年的试题作为热身即可。因为历年的试题有其他模拟题所没有的规范性和权威性。

　　推荐用巨微英语的历年真题，专为基础薄弱者编著，逐词逐句超细解，四级考试重点词汇标注，应该会适合你，希望你喜欢

　　自己买吧，学校只会发真题之类的

　　词汇一般买一套真题卷里面都有词汇本的，学校不会发的。

　　自己买，一般都不发。星火单词书蛮好