仁爱英语九年级上册

仁爱英语九年级上册
?仁爱英语九年级上册:
  仁爱九单词Topic 1单词表

  training n. _______

  granny n. _______

  describe v. _______

  detail n. _______

  bell n. _______

  disabled adj. _______

  afford v. _______

  education n. _______

  whole adj. _______

  learn…from

  tidy v. _______ adj. _______

  article n. _______

  in detail

  support v. &n. _______

  child laborer

  nowadays adv. _______

  develop v. _______

  rapidly adv. _______

  entertainment n. _______

  development n. _______

  picture n. _______

  when adv. _______

  conj. _______

  abroad adv. _______

  hungry adj. _______

  divide v. _______

  divide…into use v. _______

  n. _______

  elder adj. _______

  n. _______

  recent adj. _______

  rapid adj. _______

  progress n. v. _______

  make progress

  present n. _______

  v. _______

  dream v&n _______

  narrow adj. _______

  thanks to

  capital n. _______

  slogan n. _______

  billion num. _______

  note n. _______

  v. _______

  composition n. _______

  consider v. _______

  draw up

  outline n. _______

  check v. n. _______

  right n

  example n. _______

  for example title n. _______

  conclusion n. _______ Topic2 单词:

  yet adv. _______

  already adv. _______

  scenery n. _______

  everybody pron. _______

  population n. _______

  take place

  policy n. _______

  unless conj. _______

  couple n. _______

  a couple of

  hard-working adj. _______

  market n. _______

  excellent adj. _______

  one-child policy

  possible adj. _______

  increase v. _______ n. _______

  lifespan n. _______

  medical adj

  medical care

  rise v. _______

  conclude v. _______

  difficulty n. _______

  energy n. _______

  human being

  trouble n. _______

  less adv. _______

  offer v. _______

  pressure n. _______

  even though

  difference n. _______

  grandson n, topic3单词:

  fair adj _______

  excite v. _______ homeless adj _______

  provide v. _______

  flood n. _______ v. _______

  mate n. _______

  stair n. _______

  skill n. _______

  drug n. _______

  disobey v. _______

  succeed v

  purpose n. _______

  mention v. _______

  war n. _______

  Project Hope

  social adj

  at home and abroad

  French n. _______ adj. _______ Unit 2 Topic 1单词表waste n. v. _______ canc er n. _______ harmful adj. _______ influenc e v. n. _______ look n. _______ chemical adj. n. _______ chemical factory produce v. _______ chest n. _______ breathe v. _______ manage v. _______ soil n. _______ My goodness! rabbit n. _______ disturb v. _______ downstairs adv. _______ hearing n. _______ loss n. _______ several pron. _______ secretary n. _______ relation n. _______ fisherman n. _______ president n. _______ dead adj. _______ deaf adj. _______ for example print v. _______ blood n. _______ coal n. _______ electricity n. _______ Unit 2 Topic 2 单词表

  Produc er n. _______

  yeah adj. _______

  none pron. _______

  die out _______

  sand n. _______

  sandstorm n. _______

  cut down _______

  behavior n. _______

  prevent v. _______

  rubbish n. _______

  anybody pron. _______

  steal v. _______

  spit v. _______

  in public

  earth n. _______

  farmland n. _______

  desert n. _______v. _______

  prevent from

  although conj _______

  cut off _______

  pollute v. _______

  as a result

  sun n. _______

  Mars n. _______

  greenhouse effect

  completely adv. _______

  bamboo n. _______ Unit 2 Topic 3 单词表person n. _______ought to distance n. _______action n. _______word n. _______organization n. _______reduce v. _______ recycle v. _______ rather adv. _______rather than can n. _______sort v. _______n harm v. _______ n. _______take up power n. _______nuclear adj. _______acid rain following adj. _______electric adj. _______tha Maglev Train forward adv. _______movement n. _______quick adj. _______ adv. _______towel n. _______Review of Units1-2chemistry n. _______wolf n. _______operation n. _______nod v. _______agreement n. _______treatment marry v. _______ Unit 3 Topic 1单词表 communication n. _______ communicate v. _______ on business   Mickey Mouse Donald Duck stick v. _______ n. _______ cartoon n. _______character n. _______language n. _______similar adj. _______ be similar to conversation n. _______ Spanish n. _______ adj. _______ translate v. _______ exactly adv. _______ system n. _______ meaning n. _______ once in a while whenever conj. _______ tongue n. _______ mother tongue speaker n. _______ conference n. _______ CCTV= China Central Television industry n. _______ position n. v. _______encourage v. _______ Unit 3 Topic 2单词表see sb. off _______ thumb n. _______ follow v. _______ British adj. _______ guidebook n. _______ puzzled adj. _______ victory n. _______pronounce v. _______ written English oral English London n. _______ suitcase n. _______ trunk n. _______ Pirates of the Caribbean Magic Mountain flight n. _______ pronunciation n. _______ leisure n. _______ as for dialog n. _______ autumn n. _______force v. _______kowtow v. _______ cent n. _______ German n. _______adj. _______accent n. _______ worse adj. _______ Unit 3 Topic 3单词表sleepy adj. _______ final adj. _______ at times _______give up _______channel n. _______ BBC =the British Broadcasting Corporation toothpaste n. _______grammar n. _______ whom pron. _______ weak adj. _______ master v. _______ n. _______preview v. _______ reply v. _______ n. _______ retell v. _______ method dare modal vtext n. _______ aloud adv. _______ wise adj. _______ learned adj. _______ insist v. _______ chant v. _______ riddle n. _______ textbook n. _______ review v. _______ Unit 4 Topic1 单词表introduction n. _______ man v. _______Oriental Horizon _______physical adj. _______ astronaut n. _______ hero n. _______congratulation n. _______satellite n. _______ screen n. _______ spaceship n. _______ magical adj. _______leader n. _______ technology n. _______ examination n. _______ can’t help doing prove v. _______ show v. _______ set v. _______ doubt n.&v. _______ no doubt _______ as well as _______fix v. _______properly adv. _______ click v. _______ type v. _______ tiny adj. _______ cancel v. _______ connect v. _______instance n. _______exercise v. _______sunset n. _______ itself pron. _______ experiment n. _______ do experiments farther adv. & adj. _______ complete v. _______ adj. _______ Unit 4 Topic2 单词表

  digital adj. _______

  mobile phone

  clone v. _______ & n. _______

  rocket n. _______

  toothbrush n. _______

  ruler n. _______

  steel n. _______

  lift n. _______

  ink n. _______

  Ren’ai Education Institute

  light bulb

  create v. _______

  servant n. _______

  might modal v. _______

  landmark n. _______

  as long as

  global adj. _______

  X-ray n. _______

  field n. _______

  make a great contribution to

  discover v. _______

  plar n. _______ Unit 4 Topic3 单词表

  scientific adj. _______

  research n. _______

  admire v. _______ 慕

  basic adj. _______

  water v. _______

  limit v. _______

  proper adj. _______

  risk n. _______

  storm n. _______

  solar system

  gravity n. _______

  oxygen n. _______

  climate n. _______

  spacesuit n. _______

  view n. _______

  telescope n. _______

  universe n. _______

  beyond prep. _______

  Review of Units3-4

  prison n. _______

  above prep. _______

  below prep. _______ . _______

  praise v. _______& n. _______

  whatever pron. _______

  Unit6

  Topic 1

  task

  airplane

  airline

  book

  field

  mount

  cycle

  vehicle

  group

  province

  sleeper

  journey

  fund

  raise

  come

  raiser

  queen

  draw

  sell

  agency

  bathtub

  air

  hotel

  reservation

  sunrise

  appreciate

  land

  Topic

  receive

  standard

  principal

  greet

  organize

  stone

  marriage

  death

  survey

  face

  south

  postcard

  vacation

  explore

  cinema

  look

  adventure

  perfect

  camp

  imperial

  mark

  beginning

  southern

  west

  sacred

  official

  camel

  dynasty

  northwest

  airport

  search

  kneel

  east

  southeast

  western

  north

  sight

  beat

  flash

  crowd

  space

  northeast

  southwest

  arch

  middle

  direction

  step

  realize

  pour

  slowly

  toward

  beside

  slap

  huge

  passage

  elbow

  push

  sweat

  bug

  satisfy

  destination

  sightseeing

  diary

  helmet

  inagine

  destroy

  inside

  Dragon

  Guard

  Notice

  Thank

  Treat

  Historical

  Topic3

  warn

  wheel

  broken

  Hotline

  condition

  sharp

  slow

  passenger

  crazy

  anywhere

  law

  victim

  pdestrian

  signal

  rush

  cross

  path

  jam

  zebra

  crossroads

  race

  Asia

  avoid

  pollution

  truck

  opposite

  wall

  fine

  Altitude

  union

  International

  Tour

  timed

  stage

  athlete

  The

  Italian

  event

  top

  anyone

  Olympic

  certain

  courage

  cyclist

  record

  lead

  ever-powerful

  impossible

  perhaps

  likely

  Review

  look

  lock

  including

  include

  manager

  disappear

  magically

  cheat

  tip

  protect

  Unit

  Topic

  Village

  successful

  invitation

  biscuit

  hear

  wrestling

  champion

  cheese

  Olympic

  University

  hot

  .

  storybook

  sweet

  tooth

  invite

  extension

  have

  green

  pancake

  fried

  napkin

  cookie

  Greek

  n.

  Indian

  n.

  curry

  pizza

  Sushi

  African

  n.

  Russian

  n.

  India

  PRC

  Africa

  second

  num.

  Adj.

  Surprising

  in

  sincerely

  success

  Nigerian

  n.

  wrestler

  supply

  Sandwich

  Topic

  Slice

  soya

  yum

  Deep

  cooker

  pork

  cut

  immediately

  gentle

  cut

  pepper

  mix

  snack

  butter

  stir-fry

  minute

  spread

  heat

  lettuce

  add

  noisily

  impolite

  slurp

  ham

  onion

  finely

  oil

  spoon

  formal

  somebody

  glass

  unfold

  Europe

  northern

  lap

  drink

  sip

  finger

  sausage

  steamed

  Topic

  on

  kind-hearted

  dessert

  salad

  ice

  soft

  lady

  gentleman

  menu

  beer

  wine

  Tsingto

  smell

  bill

  go

  worth

  effort

  bean

  mushroom

  main

  scoop

  neatly

  overeat

  undereat

  steak

  lemondnade

  balanced

  regularly

  spaghetti

  kg(kilogram)n.

  balance

  Unit8

  raincoat.

  overcoat

  natural

  material

  wool

  T-shirt

  scarf

  jeans

  costume

  handbag

  cotton

  formally

  informally

  boot

  generally

  sportswear

  woolen

  leather

  silk

  plastic

  shorts

  size

  Australian

  nearly

  iron.

  dry.

  earring.

  medium.

  sheet.

  Silver

  Thanksgiving

  depend

  dislike

  style

  Topic

  Suitable

  Uniform

  Ugly

  discipline.

  allow.

  design.

  advantage

  occasion.

  gatekeeper.

  clerk.

  suit.

  cheongsam.

  ingormal.

  sneaker.

  fashion.

  shopkeeper.

  slim.

  collar.

  loose.

  company.

  business.

  well-know.

  attractive.

  policeman.

  casual.

  purple.

  designer.

  advise.

  tight.

  officer.

  traditional.

  minority.

  decoration.

  personal.

  Manchu.

  banner.

  ceiling.

  bullet.

  hide.

  kimono.

  wedding.

  so-called.

  fire.

  pilot.

  march.

  high-collared.

  Topic

  bottom

  pocket.

  Asian.

  knot.

  except.

  celebration.

  Scottish.

  fashionable.

  KFC=Kentuncky

  overweight.

  grain.

  kilt.

  belt.

  hardly.

  mess.

  European.

  eve.

  cloth.

  错的帮我改一下

  Unit6

  Topic 1

  task

  airplane

  airline

  book

  field

  mount

  cycle

  vehicle

  group

  province

  sleeper

  journey

  fund

  raise

  come

  raiser

  queen

  draw

  sell

  agency

  bathtub

  air

  hotel

  reservation

  sunrise

  appreciate

  land

  Topic

  receive

  standard

  principal

  greet

  organize

  stone

  marriage

  death

  survey

  face

  south

  postcard

  vacation

  explore

  cinema

  look

  adventure

  perfect

  camp

  imperial

  mark

  beginning

  southern

  west

  sacred

  official

  camel

  dynasty

  northwest

  airport

  search

  kneel

  east

  southeast

  western

  north

  sight

  beat

  flash

  crowd

  space

  …错的帮我改一下

  Unit6

  Topic 1

  task

  airplane

  airline

  book

  field

  mount

  cycle

  vehicle

  group

  province

  sleeper

  journey

  fund

  raise

  come

  raiser

  queen

  draw

  sell

  agency

  bathtub

  air

  hotel

  reservation

  sunrise

  appreciate

  land

  Topic

  receive

  standard

  principal

  greet

  organize

  stone

  marriage

  death

  survey

  face

  south

  postcard

  vacation

  explore

  cinema

  look

  adventure

  perfect

  camp

  imperial

  mark

  beginning

  southern

  west

  sacred

  official

  camel

  dynasty

  northwest

  airport

  search

  kneel

  east

  southeast

  western

  north

  sight

  beat

  flash

  crowd

  space

  northeast

  southwest

  arch

  middle

  direction

  step

  realize

  pour

  slowly

  toward

  beside

  slap

  huge

  passage

  elbow

  push

  sweat

  bug

  satisfy

  destination

  sightseeing

  diary

  helmet

  inagine

  destroy

  inside

  Dragon

  Guard

  Notice

  Thank

  Treat

  Historical

  Topic3

  warn

  wheel

  broken

  Hotline

  condition

  sharp

  slow

  passenger

  crazy

  anywhere

  law

  victim

  pdestrian

  signal

  rush

  cross

  path

  jam

  zebra

  crossroads

  race

  Asia

  avoid

  pollution

  truck

  opposite

  wall

  fine

  Altitude

  union

  International

  Tour

  timed

  stage

  athlete

  The

  Italian

  event

  top

  anyone

  Olympic

  certain

  courage

  cyclist

  record

  lead

  ever-powerful

  impossible

  perhaps

  likely

  Review

  look

  lock

  including

  include

  manager

  disappear

  magically

  cheat

  tip

  protect

  Unit

  Topic

  Village

  successful

  invitation

  biscuit

  hear

  wrestling

  champion

  cheese

  Olympic

  University

  hot

  .

  storybook

  sweet

  tooth

  invite

  extension

  have

  green

  pancake

  fried

  napkin

  cookie

  Greek

  n.

  Indian

  n.

  curry

  pizza

  Sushi

  African

  n.

  Russian

  n.

  India

  PRC

  Africa

  second

  num.

  Adj.

  Surprising

  in

  sincerely

  success

  Nigerian

  n.

  wrestler

  supply

  Sandwich

  Topic

  Slice

  soya

  yum

  Deep

  cooker

  pork

  cut

  immediately

  gentle

  cut

  pepper

  mix

  snack

  butter

  stir-fry

  minute

  spread

  heat

  lettuce

  add

  noisily

  impolite

  slurp

  ham

  onion

  finely

  oil

  spoon

  formal

  somebody

  glass

  unfold

  Europe

  northern

  lap

  drink

  sip

  finger

  sausage

  steamed

  Topic

  on

  kind-hearted

  dessert

  salad

  ice

  soft

  lady

  gentleman

  menu

  beer

  wine

  Tsingto

  smell

  bill

  go

  worth

  effort

  bean

  mushroom

  main

  scoop

  neatly

  overeat

  undereat

  steak

  lemondnade

  balanced

  regularly

  spaghetti

  kg(kilogram)n.

  balance

  Unit8

  raincoat.

  overcoat

  natural

  material

  wool

  T-shirt

  scarf

  jeans

  costume

  handbag

  cotton

  formally

  informally

  boot

  generally

  sportswear

  woolen

  leather

  silk

  plastic

  shorts

  size

  Australian

  nearly

  iron.

  dry.

  earring.

  medium.

  sheet.

  Silver

  Thanksgiving

  depend

  dislike

  style

  Topic

  Suitable

  Uniform

  Ugly

  discipline.

  allow.

  design.

  advantage

  occasion.

  gatekeeper.

  clerk.

  suit.

  cheongsam.

  ingormal.

  sneaker.

  fashion.

  shopkeeper.

  slim.

  collar.

  loose.

  company.

  business.

  well-know.

  attractive.

  policeman.

  casual.

  purple.

  designer.

  advise.

  tight.

  officer.

  traditional.

  minority.

  decoration.

  personal.

  Manchu.

  banner.

  ceiling.

  bullet.

  hide.

  kimono.

  wedding.

  so-called.

  fire.

  pilot.

  march.

  high-collared.

  Topic

  bottom

  pocket.

  Asian.

  knot.

  except.

  celebration.

  Scottish.

  fashionable.

  KFC=Kentuncky

  overweight.

  grain.

  kilt.

  belt.

  hardly.

  mess.

  European.

  eve.

  cloth

  仁爱九单词

  topic 1单词表

  training n. _______

  granny n. _______

  describe v. _______

  detail n. _______

  bell n. _______

  disabled adj. _______

  afford v. _______

  education n. _______

  whole adj. _______

  learn…from

  tidy v. _______

  adj. _______

  article n. _______

  in detail

  support v. &n. _______

  child laborer

  nowadays adv. _______

  develop v. _______

  rapidly adv. _______

  entertainment n. _______

  development n. _______

  picture n. _______

  when adv. _______

  conj. _______

  abroad adv. _______

  hungry adj. _______

  divide v. _______

  divide…into

  use v. _______

  n. _______

  elder adj. _______

  n. _______

  recent adj. _______

  rapid adj. _______

  progress n. v. _______

  make progress

  present n. _______

  v. _______

  dream v&n _______

  narrow adj. _______

  thanks to

  capital n. _______

  slogan n. _______

  billion num. _______

  note n. _______

  v. _______

  composition n. _______

  consider v. _______

  draw up

  outline n. _______

  check v. n. _______

  right n

  example n. _______

  for example

  title n. _______

  conclusion n. _______

  my

  http://www.hongen.com/eng/pub/yufac/ 这个网站不错,希望能帮的上你

  我是转载的 看看吧:

  初中全部的语法,我学的也仁爱的哦!!

  11. 动词的时态

  11.1 一般现在时的用法

  1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语: every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如:

  I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。

  2) 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。例如:

  The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。

  Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。

  3) 表示格言或警句。例如:

  Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。

  注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

  例:Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。

  4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如:

  I dont want so much. 我不要那么多。

  Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错,讲的可不行。

  比较:Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。

  I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。

  第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。

  返回动词的时态目录

  11.2 一般过去时的用法

  1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如:时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如:

  Where did you go just now 刚才你上哪儿去了?

  2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。例如:

  When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是个孩子的时候,常在马路上踢足球。

  Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.

  那时,布朗一家无论什么时候去,都受到热烈欢迎。

  3)句型:It is time for sb. to do sth 到……时间了 该……了。例如:It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。

  It is time that sb. did sth. 时间已迟了 早该……了 ,例如It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。

  would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示宁愿某人做某事。例如:Id rather you came tomorrow.还是明天来吧。

  4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等,而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。例如:I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。

  比较:Christine was an invalid all her life.(含义:她已不在人间。)

  Christine has been an invalid all her life.(含义:她现在还活着)

  Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义:达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)

  Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义:现在还住在肯塔基州,有可能指刚离去)

  注意: 用过去时表示现在,表示委婉语气。

  1)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如:

  Did you want anything else 您还要些什么吗?

  I wondered if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下。

  2)情态动词 could, would。例如:

  Could you lend me your bike 你的自行车,能借用一些吗?

  返回动词的时态目录

  11.3 used to / be used to

  used to + do:过去常常表示过去习惯性的动作或状态,但如今已不存在。例如:

  Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老妈过去没那么健忘。

  Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫过去常常散步。

  be used to + doing: 对……已感到习惯,或习惯于,to是介词,后需加名词或动名词。例如:

  He is used to a vegetarian diet.

  Scarf is used to taking a walk. 斯卡夫现在已习惯于散步了。

  典型例题

  —- Your phone number again I ___ quite catch it.

  —- Its 69568442.

  A. didnt B. couldnt C. dont D. cant

  答案A. 本句虽没有明确的时间状语,但从语意上看出,在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去,因此应用过去时。

  返回动词的时态目录

  11.4 一般将来时

  1) shall用于第一人称,常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称,在征求意见时常用于第二人称。例如:

  Which paragraph shall I read first? 我先读哪一段呢?

  Will you be at home at seven this evening 今晚七点回家好吗?

  2) be going to +不定式,表示将来。

  a. 主语的意图,即将做某事。例如:What are you going to do tomorrow 明天打算作什么呢?

  b. 计划,安排要发生的事。例如:The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。

  c. 有迹象要发生的事。例如:Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云,快要下雨了。

  3) be +不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如:

  We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。

  4) be about to +不定式,意为马上做某事。例如:

  He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。

  注意:be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。

  返回动词的时态目录

  11.5 be going to / will 用于条件句时,be going to表将来,will表意愿。例如:

  If you are going to make a journey, youd better get ready for it as soon as possible.

  Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.

  返回动词的时态目录

  11.6 be to和be going to

  be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事,be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。例如:

  I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。(客观安排)

  Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。(主观安排)

  返回动词的时态目录

  11.7 一般现在时表将来

  1)下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来,主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如:

  The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。

  When does the bus star It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开?十分钟后。

  2)以here, there等开始的倒装句,表示动作正在进行。例如:

  Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。

  There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 铃响了。

  3)在时间或条件句中。例如:

  When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后,让他等我。

  Ill write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里,就写信给你。

  4)在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等的宾语从句中。例如:

  I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他们下星期玩得开心。

  Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 离开房间前,务必把窗户关了。

  返回动词的时态目录

  11.8 用现在进行时表示将来

  下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等现在进行时可以表示将来。例如:

  Im leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。

  Are you staying here till next week 你会在这儿呆到下周吗?

  返回动词的时态目录

  11.9 现在完成时

  现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态,其结果的影响现在还存在;也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成:have (has) +过去分词。

  返回动词的时态目录

  11.10 比较一般过去时与现在完成时

  1)一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响。

  2)一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语。

  一般过去时的时间状语:yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now等,皆为具体的时间状语。

  现在完成时的时间状语:for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等,皆不确定的时间状语。

  共同的时间状语:this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等。

  3)现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。

  一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。例如:

  I saw this film yesterday. (强调看的动作发生过了)

  I have seen this film. (强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了)

  Why did you get up so early (强调起床的动作已发生过了)

  Who hasnt handed in his paper (强调有卷子未交,疑为不公平竞争)

  He has been in the League for three years. (在团内的状态可延续)

  He has been a League member for three years. (是团员的状态可持续)

  句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如yesterday, last, week, in 1960)时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时。

  (错)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.

  (对)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.

  返回动词的时态目录

  11.11 用于现在完成时的句型

  1)It is the first / second time…. that…结构中的从句部分,用现在完成时。例如:

  It is the first time that I have visited the city. 这是我第一次访问这城市。

  This is the first time (that) Ive heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。

  注意:It was the third time that the boy had been late.

  2)This is +形容词最高级+that…结构,that 从句要用现在完成时。例如:

  This is the best film that Ive (ever) seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。

  典型例题

  (1) —Do you know our town at all

  —No, this is the first time I ___ here.

  A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming

  答案B. This is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时,故选B。

  (2) —Have you ____ been to our town before

  —No, its the first time I ___ here.

  A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come

  答案D. ever意为曾经或无论何时,反意词为never,此两词常用于完成时。

  注意:非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。

  (错)I have received his letter for a month.

  (对)I havent received his letter for almost a month.

  返回动词的时态目录

  11.12 比较since和for

  Since 用来说明动作起始时间,for用来说明动作延续时间长度。例如:

  I have lived here for more than twenty years.我住在这儿二十多年了。

  I have lived here since I was born. 我从出生起就住在这儿了。

  注意:并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。

  I worked here for more than twenty years. (我现在已不在这里工作。)

  I have worked here for many years.(现在我仍在这里工作。)

  注意:用句型转换的方法,很容易排除非延续动词在有for/since结构的完成时中的误用。

  1)(对) Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.

  2)(错) Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.

  显然,第二句不对,它应改为 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years.

  返回动词的时态目录

  11.13 since的四种用法

  1) since +过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。例如:

  I have been here since 1989. 1989起,我一直在这儿。

  2) since +一段时间+ ago。例如:

  I have been here since five months ago. 我在这儿,已经有五个月了。

  3) since +从句。例如:

  Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走后,变化可大了。

  Great changes have taken place since we were here. 我们走后,变化可大了。

  4) It is +一段时间+ since从句。例如:

  It is two years since I became a postgraduate student. 我考上研究生有两年了。

  返回动词的时态目录

  11.14 延续动词与瞬间动词

  1) 用于完成时的区别

  延续动词表示经验、经历; 瞬间动词表示行为的结果,不能与表示段的时间状语连用。例如:

  He has completed the work. 他已完成了那项工作。 (表结果)

  Ive known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历)

  2) 用于till / until从句的差异

  延续动词用于肯定句,表示做……直到…… 瞬间动词用于否定句,表示到……,才……。例如:

  He didnt come back until ten oclock. 他到10 点才回来。

  He slept until ten oclock. 他一直睡到10点。

  典型例题

  1. You dont need to describe her. I ___ her several times.

  A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet

  答案B. 首先本题后句强调对现在的影响,我知道她的模样,你不用描述。再次,several times告知为反复发生的动作,因此用现在完成时。

  2. —Im sorry to keep you waiting.

  —Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes.

  A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be

  答案A. 等待的动作由过去开始,持续到现在,应用现在完成时。

  返回动词的时态目录

  11.15 过去完成时

  1) 概念:表示过去的过去

  —-|———-|——–|—-> 其构成是had +过去分词构成。

  那时以前 那时 现在

  2) 用法

  a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。例如:

  She said (that)she had never been to Paris. 她告诉我她曾去过巴黎。

  b. 状语从句

  在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。例如:

  When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时,小偷们早就跑了。

  c. 表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示原本…,未能…。例如:

  We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt. 那时我们希望你能来,但是你没有来。

  3) 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。例如:

  He said that he had learned some English before. 他说过他以前学过一些英语。

  By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. 到了十二岁那年,爱迪生开始自己谋生。

  Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.

  汤姆失望了,因为他到达晚会时,大部分客人已经走了。

  典型例题

  The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.

  A. had written, left B,were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left

  答案D. 把书忘在办公室发生在去取书这一过去的动作之前,因此忘了书这一动作发生在过去的过去,用过去完成时。句中when表示的是时间的一点,表示在同学们正忙于……这一背景下,when所引导的动作发生。因此前一句应用过去进行时。

  注意: had hardly… when 还没等…… 就……。例如:

  I had hardly opened the door when I he hit me. 我刚打开门,他就打了我。

  had no sooner…than 刚…… 就……。例如:

  He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他刚买了这辆车,转眼又卖了。

  返回动词的时态目录

  11.16 用一般过去时代替过去完成时

  1) 两个动作如按顺序发生,又不强调先后,或用then,and,but 等连词时,多用一般过去时。例如:

  When she saw the mouse,she screamed. 她看到老鼠,就叫了起来。

  My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it. 姑妈给了我一顶帽子,我把它丢了。

  2 ) 两个动作相继发生,可用一般过去时;如第一个动作需要若干时间完成,用过去完成时。例如:

  When I heard the news, I was very excited.

  3) 叙述历史事实,可不用过去完成时,而只用一般过去时。例如:

  Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.

  返回动词的时态目录

  11.17 将来完成时

  1) 构成will have done

  2) 概念

  a. 状态完成:表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。例如:

  They will have been married for 20 years by then. 到那时他们结婚将有二十年了。

  b. 动作完成:表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前,已经完成的动作或获得的经验。例如:

  You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow. 明天此时,你已经到达上海了。

  返回动词的时态目录

  11.18 现在进行时

  现在进行时的基本用法:

  a. 表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。例如:

  We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你。

  b. 习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。例如:

  Mr. Green is writing another novel. 他在写另一部小说。(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。)

  c. 表示渐变,这样的动词有:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。例如:

  The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。

  Its getting warmer and warmer. 天越来越热了。

  d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。例如:

  You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。

  典型例题

  My dictionary ___, I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it.

  A. has lost, dont find B. is missing, dont find C. has lost, havent found D. is missing, havent found.

  答案D. 前句是一个仍在持续的状态,应用进行时,由于没有找到,其影响仍然存在,应用完成时,瞬间动词用于否定式时可用于完成时。

  返回动词的时态目录

  11.19 不用进行时的动词

  1)表示事实状态的动词,如have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等。例如:I have two brothers. 我有两兄弟。

  This house belongs to my sister. 这房子是我姐的。

  2)表示心理状态的动词,如know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate等。例如:I need your help. 我需要你的帮助。

  He loves her very much. 他爱她很深。

  3)瞬间动词,如accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等。例如:

  I accept your advice. 我接受你的劝告。

  4)系动词,如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn等。例如:

  You seem a little tired. 你看上去有点累。

  返回动词的时态目录

  11.20 过去进行时

  1)概念:表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。

  2)过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景;一个长动作延续的时候,另一个短动作发生。

  3) 常用的时间状语有this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。例如:

  My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我兄弟骑车时摔了下来,受了伤。

  It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站时,正下着雨。

  When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 我到达山顶时,阳光灿烂

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